January

January 1—Emancipation Proclamation

In 1863, President Lincoln signed this edict proclaiming that all slaves living within rebelling Confederate states "are, and henceforth shall be, free." Visit the National Archives website.

January 1—Ellis Island Opens

Beginning in 1892, this New York Harbor facility served as the gateway to the United States for more than 20 million people. Search passenger arrival records and add your ancestors to the Ellis Island Wall of Honor.

January 1–3—Japanese New Year

Japan celebrates the 18th year of Emperor Akihito's reign. People decorate their entrances, wear ceremonial attire, visit shrines, and listen to temple bells ring 108 times.

January 5—First Woman Governor Inaugurated

In 1925, Nellie Davis Tayloe Ross was sworn in as governor of Wyoming, becoming the nation's first woman to serve in this capacity.

January 29—Chinese New Year

It's the Year of the Dog. People prepare by cleaning house, buying presents, and decorating doorways with chun lian (special calligraphic scrolls). On New Year's Eve, families gather to feast and watch fireworks at midnight.

February

February 2—Birthday of Pura Belpré

First Latina librarian in the New York Public Library. In her honor, the American Library Association gives a biennial award to Latino writers and illustrators whose work best portrays and affirms Latino culture. Visit www.ala.org for a list of past and present winners.

February 6—African-American Read-in

Join over a million readers in this annual event. Visit The National Council of Teachers of English website for information, suggested reading lists, and a download-able activity packet.

February 15—Susan B. Anthony's Birthday

Born 1820 in Massachusetts, this abolitionist, reformer, labor activist, and social justice pioneer dedicated her life to securing the rights of women.

February 20—Frederick Douglass Day

Abolitionist, lecturer, and writer, Douglass escaped slavery and became an advisor to President Lincoln, as well as the most recognized African-American spokes-person of his time. He died in 1895. Visit the PBS website for more information.

February 28—Mardi Gras

A final chance to feast and frolic before Lent. Fat Tuesday customs include wearing beads, donning elaborate masks and costumes, attending balls and parades, and eating and drinking far into the night